Dementia isn’t simply about forgetfulness that comes with growing older. Instead, it involves a range of changes in thinking, memory, and communication that can gradually interfere with everyday life. Recognizing the early signs of dementia is crucial because early detection of dementia allows for timely intervention, access to resources, and better long-term planning.
While not every subtle shift in memory or mood points directly to dementia, understanding the common symptoms of dementia can help you know when it’s time to seek professional guidance. Below are ten signs that may warrant a conversation with a healthcare professional.
1. Difficulty Remembering Recent Events
Occasionally forgetting where you left your keys is normal, but frequently struggling to recall recent conversations or important appointments may be one of the early signs of dementia. Persistent short-term memory issues often stand out early on.
2. Trouble Finding the Right Words
If someone regularly has trouble expressing themselves, often “on the tip of their tongue,” it might signal cognitive changes. Difficulty finding simple words or following a conversation can be an early symptom of dementia.
3. Changes in Mood or Personality
Everyone experiences mood shifts, but watch for noticeable and lasting changes. A gentle, patient individual may become easily irritated or anxious without a clear reason. Such personality changes can occur when dementia starts affecting emotional regulation.
4. Struggling With Familiar Tasks
One of the telltale early signs of dementia is having difficulty performing routine activities. Tasks that once felt second-nature—such as cooking a favorite recipe or managing monthly bills—may suddenly become confusing or overwhelming.
5. Getting Lost in Familiar Places
If someone starts having trouble navigating places they’ve known for years, it might indicate something deeper than momentary disorientation. Becoming lost in their own neighborhood or missing well-known landmarks can be a sign that spatial awareness and memory are declining.
6. Poor Judgment and Decision-Making
Pay attention if a person begins making uncharacteristically poor decisions, such as giving away large sums of money or wearing inappropriate clothing for the weather. Consistent lapses in judgment may indicate issues with thinking and reasoning skills.
7. Withdrawal From Social Activities
A noticeable loss of interest in hobbies, social gatherings, or family events can sometimes stem from confusion or embarrassment. As symptoms of dementia progress, individuals may avoid social situations to hide their struggles or reduce stress.
8. Difficulty Adapting to Changes
While many people prefer routines, someone who becomes disproportionately upset or anxious over small changes in schedule or environment may be experiencing cognitive challenges. Difficulty coping with new circumstances can be an early sign of dementia.
9. Misplacing Items and Losing the Ability to Retrace Steps
Occasionally losing things is normal. However, frequently putting objects in unusual places—like stashing keys in the refrigerator—and being unable to retrace steps to find them again can point toward memory impairment.
10. Persistent Problems With Focus and Concentration
As cognitive decline sets in, paying attention to details or following instructions becomes harder. Trouble focusing on tasks at work or even keeping track of the plot in a TV show may indicate early cognitive changes.
Why Early Detection Matters
Recognizing these early signs of dementia can make a meaningful difference. Early detection of dementia allows for earlier treatment, which may slow progression, improve symptom management, and open doors to support networks and resources. If you’ve noticed some of these symptoms of dementia in yourself or a loved one, don’t hesitate to reach out to a healthcare professional. A proper evaluation can provide clarity, guidance, and potentially improve quality of life as you navigate this journey together.